| Normal 0 | | | | may be involved. |
| Walking is the core activity in most exercise plans for | | | | Several studies suggest that regular physical activity |
| older adults. It is, by far, the most common and | | | | among older adults can prevent much loss of muscle |
| popular form of physical activity for older adults. | | | | mass. For example, in one study of 22 active older |
| Walking reduces the risks of death and heart disease, | | | | men, their fat-free mass a measurement of the |
| as well as the risk of falling. Of course, some older | | | | amount of muscle tissue did not change over 6 |
| adults prefer other forms of aerobic activity, such as | | | | years. In a Finnish study, everyday physical activities, |
| swimming, biking, pilates, yoga, dancing, and racket | | | | such as household work, walking, and gardening, |
| sports. | | | | maintained skeletal muscle strength well enough for |
| Stretching exercises and other activities that improve | | | | independent living. |
| flexibility are recommended for older adults. Flexibility | | | | Isotonic resistance training is strength training using |
| can be increased by specific stretching exercises, by | | | | weight machines or free weights. It has been |
| exercise programs that include stretching exercises, | | | | extensively studied and is recommended as a means |
| or by some daily activities such as walking. Current | | | | of building muscle mass and counteracting sarcopenia. |
| recommendations encourage stretching at the end of | | | | Strength training has become a standard part of |
| a bout of activity, or after gentle warm-up activities. | | | | many therapeutic exercise programs, including |
| Age-related loss of muscle is called sarcopenia. This | | | | programs for heart and lung rehabilitation. It also |
| condition contributes to functional limitations and | | | | improves function and joint symptoms of older |
| dependence in older adults. We don’t completely | | | | people with arthritis. In addition, strength training can |
| understand why sarcopenia develops, but nerve | | | | improve control of blood sugar in older adults with |
| damage, decreased blood supply, and injury to cells | | | | diabetes. |